Also Try
- Ancient Native Americans
- Native American Languages
- Native Americans
Papers
- Abenaki Word Lists (Cowasuck.org)
Provides lessons on Abenaki.
- Algonkin Nation History (First Nations)
"If for no other reason, the Algonkin would be famous because their name has been used for the largest native language group in North America." 2-00
- Algonquian Languages (YourDictionary.com)
Provides sources of information.
- Anasazi - Architecture (Scoop)
Provides 3-d views of the Kiva, structures for meetings of the ancient Anasazi Native Americans.
- Beothuk Nation History (First Nations)
"One thing that is known about the Beothuk was their love of the color red." 2-00
- Blackfeet Nation (Blackfeet Nation)
Provides basic information about the tribe and its economy. 9-00
- Catawba Nation History (First Nations) 2-00
- Cheyenne Language (YourDictionary.com)
Provides sources of information.
- Chicora Nation and the Coree (First Nations - Pate)
"The Coree tradition was a proud history of alliance with the English of Walter Raleigh's Lost Colony. It was a driving force in colonization of North Carolina." 12-03
- Chippewa Cree (Chippewa Cree Tribal Council)
Provides basic information about the size of the tribe and the economic conditions of members. 9-00
- Choktaw Nation (Reeves)
Provides an unofficial site for the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma. 6-02
- Colville Confederated Tribes (Healy)
Provides a flag of the Colvilles and a short history of the tribes. 9-00
- Colville Confederated Tribes - Recognition by the Supreme Court (FindLaw.com)
Provides a summary of a Supreme Court finding that the Colville Confederated Tribes still had a reservation, despite the sale of lands within the reservation. 9-00
- Comanche - Pictures of Early Homes (Kavanagh)
- Comanche History Part One (Sultzman)
"This is a single part of what will be, by my classification, about 240 compact tribal histories (contact to 1900). It is limited to the lower 48 states of the U.S. but also includes those First Nations from Canada and Mexico that had important roles (Huron, Micmac, Assiniboine, etc.)." 6-02
- Comanche History Part Three (Sultzman)
"Of the three million acres guaranteed them by the Medicine Lodge Treaty in 1867, the Comanches kept less than 10%. In 1901 the reservation was broken into 160 acre individual allotments and disbanded. The opening of the other 90% for settlement that year caused the last great land rush in American history." 6-02
- Comanche History Part Two (Sultzman)
"Eventually armed with the first Colt revolvers, the Texas Rangers enjoyed considerable success against Comanches during the 1840s. However, Houston wanted peace, not war, and he was trusted by Comanches. A treaty between the Republic of Texas and Texas Comanches was signed October, 1845 and ratified in December." 6-02
- Comanche Village in 1872-3
- Cree Language (YourDictionary.com)
Provides sources of information.
- Crees of Quebec 2-00
- Crow Nation (Crow Tribal Council)
Provides basic information, such as the size of membership. 9-00
- Delaware Nation History (First Nations - Sultzman)
"Originally in 1600, the Delaware River Valley from Cape Henlopen, Delaware north to include the west side of the lower Hudson Valley in southern New York. The Delaware were not migratory and appear to have occupied their homeland for thousands of years before the coming of the Europeans." 6-02
- Erie Nation History (First Nations)
"In 1615 Étienne Brulé met a group of Erie near Niagara Falls. So far as is known, this was their only encounter with Europeans. At the time the Erie were members of a three-way alliance(Neutrals and Wenro) against the Iroquois." 6-02
- Hopi of the Southwest U.S. (Carnegie Museum of Natural History)
Examines the beliefs and life styles of four American Indian tribes of the United States, including the Hopi. "Though all of these peoples have chosen different pathways and strategies for making a life in their various environments, one similar concept is voiced by all--that a reciprocal connection exists between people and the rest of the world."
- Huron Nation History (First Nations)
"Ouendake (called Huronia by the French) was the original homeland of the Huron occupying a fairly compact area of central Ontario between the southern end of Georgian Bay and Lake Simcoe."
- Inupiat of the Arctic Circle 2-00
- Iroquois Nation History (First Nations - Sultzman)
"Simply put, the Iroquois were the most important native group in North American history...." 2-00
- Iroquois of the Northeast U.S. (Carnegie Museum of Natural History)
Examines the beliefs and life styles of four American Indian tribes of the United States, including the Iroquois. "Though all of these peoples have chosen different pathways and strategies for making a life in their various environments, one similar concept is voiced by all--that a reciprocal connection exists between people and the rest of the world."
- Klallam Phrases, Alphabet, and Language (Charles and Smith)
Provides translations for phrases and words. Also provides an explanation of the alphabet. 6-02
- Lakota of the U.S. Plains (Carnegie Museum of Natural History)
Examines the beliefs and life styles of four American Indian tribes of the United States, including the Lakota. "Though all of these peoples have chosen different pathways and strategies for making a life in their various environments, one similar concept is voiced by all--that a reciprocal connection exists between people and the rest of the world."
- Mahican Nation History (First Nations)
"When James Fenimore Cooper wrote 'Last of the Mohicans' in 1826 he made the Mahican famous." 2-00
- Mascouten Nation History (First Nations) 2-00
- Massachut Nation History (First Nations)
"Contact with Europeans probably occurred at an early date, perhaps as soon as John Cabot in 1497... " 2-00
- Mattabesic Nation History (First Nations) 2-00
- Menominee Nation History (First Nations) 2-00
- Metoac Nation History (First Nations)
"The Metoac had the misfortune to occupy Long Island which was regarded as the source of the best wampum in the Northeast." 2-00
- Miami Nation History (First Nations) 2-00
- Micmac Nation History (First Nations)
"The first known contact was made in 1497 by John Cabot who took three Micmac with him when he returned to England." 2-00
- Mohegan Nation History (First Nations)
"Mohegan means wolf. So does Mahican, but these are the names of two distinct Algonquin tribes..." 2-00
- Montagnais Nation History (First Nations)
"Montagnais considered porcupine a delicacy." 2-00
- Narragansett Nation History (First Nations) 2-00
- Native American
- Nauset Nation History (First Nations) 2-00
- Navaho Code Talker's Dictionary (YourDictionary.com)
Provides the words and codes for those words used to encrypt messages successfully during World War II. The code was declassified (made public) by the U.S. Department of Defense. The men who carried the code are the focus of the movie WindTalkers (or Wind Talkers). 6-02
- Navaho Language Resources (WorldLanguage.com)
Provides language resources. 6-02
- Navaho Nation History and Culture (AmericanWest.com)
Provides a brief description of Navaho history and culture. 6-02
- Navaho Stories by Elders
- Neutrals Nation History (First Nations) 2-00
- Nez Perce History
"Within the deep canyons of the traditional Nimi'ipuu land, the people relied on the rivers, mountains and prairies for sustenance. They practiced a seasonal subsistence cycle, living with the seasons, not by the month."
- Niantic (First Nations) 2-00
- Nipissing (First Nations)
"Probably their most interesting feature was their reputation among other tribes for the spiritual power of their shamans." 2-00
- Nipmuc (First Nations)
"There never was a Nipmuc tribe as such. Nipmuc is a geographical classification given to the native peoples who lived in central Massachusetts and the adjoining parts of southern New England. They lived in independent bands and villages, some of which at different times were allied with, or subject to, the powerful native confederacies which surrounded them." 12-03
- Oneida Nation
- Oneida Nation History
- Osage Nation History (The Osage Tribal Council and The Osage Tribe) 6-02
- Paiute Tribe
- Pennacook (First Nations) 2-00
- Pequot (First Nations)
"Actually, migration was rare until settlement displaced the eastern tribes and began a chain reaction of movement to the west." 2-00
- Pocahontas (Morenus)
Provides a short history and compares it to the fictional movie version. 1-01
- Pocumtuc (First Nations) 2-00
- Potawatomi Tribes
- Powhatan Renape Nation
- Sac and Fox Nation
- Shawnee (First Nations)
'So live your life that the fear of death can never enter your heart. Trouble no one about their religion; respect others in their view, and demand that they respect yours. Love your life, perfect your life, beautify all things in your life. Seek to make your life long and its purpose in the service of your people.' - Chief Tecumseh 6-02
- Siletz - Confederated Tribes of Siletz
- Sioux Tribes (South Dakota)
- Susquehannock (First Nations)
"The Susquehannock have been called noble and heroic. They have also been described as aggressive, warlike, imperialistic, and bitter enemies of the Iroquois." 2-00
- Tionontati (First Nations)
"In almost every way, including language, the culture and lifestyles of the Tionontati were identical with that of the Huron who lived just to the east of them. Despite these similarities, the Tionontati always maintained their political autonomy and never became members of the Huron Confederacy, only trading partners and military allies." 12-03
- Tlingit Fish Traps 4,000 Years Old (Viechnicki)
Provides an article about the well preserved fish traps used by the Tlingit 4,000 years ago. This type of trap has been found nowhere else in the world.
- Tlingit of the Northwest U.S. Coast (Carnegie Museum of Natural History)
Examines the beliefs and life styles of four American Indian tribes of the United States, including the Tlingit. "Though all of these peoples have chosen different pathways and strategies for making a life in their various environments, one similar concept is voiced by all--that a reciprocal connection exists between people and the rest of the world."
- Tuscaroras Nation (Contains Audio Clip)
- Warm Springs - Confederated Tribes - Recognition by the Supreme Court (WarmSprings.com)
"Long before Europeans set foot on the North American continent, the three tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation - - the Wasco, the Walla Walla (later called the Warm Springs), and the Paiute - - had developed societies beside the Columbia River, the Cascade Mountains, and other parts of Oregon." 6-02
- Warm Springs Confederated Tribes History (Healy)
Provides a short history of the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs. 9-00
- Warm Springs Confederated Tribes History
Provides a short history of the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs. 9-00
- Wenro (First Nations)
"What little is known about them has come to us from the Huron, since there was no direct contact between the Wenro and Europeans until after a large group of Wenro refugees came to the Huron villages in 1639. Oil was highly prized by the Iroquian tribes in the region for its medicinal properties, and the trade for this commodity is the major reason the Wenro maintained good relations with the Huron." 12-03
- Winnebago (First Nations)
"Their clothing was fringed buckskin, which the Winnebago frequently decorated with beautiful designs created from porcupine quills, feathers and beads..."
"Winnebago clans served both ceremonial and social functions, but in distinctive Siouan characteristic, were grouped into two major divisions, or moieties: an Upper (Sky) with four clans; and a Lower (Earth) having eight."
"Of course, they never surrendered their distinctive Siouan language, but it was not uncommon for a Winnebago to speak several languages besides his own (Algonquin, French, and English). Originally a farming people, the Winnebago lived in large semi-permanent villages." 12-03
- Wyandot Nation (Wyandot Nation of Kansas)
Provides early history. 2-01
- Yakama History (Healy)
Provides a short background on the Yakama Nation and includes a Yakima flag. 9-00
- Yakama Nation Museum (Keller)
Provides a definition of Yakama. 9-00
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